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101.
M SHRAVAN KUMAR V K ANANDAN AMIT KESARKAR P NARASIMHA REDDY 《Journal of Earth System Science》2011,120(1):65-72
Doppler SODAR (Sound Detection and Ranging) measurements over a tropical Indian station at National Atmospheric Research Laboratory
(NARL), Gadanki (13.5°N, 79.2°E) during two consecutive monsoon seasons, 2007 and 2008, are investigated to study the influence
of mechanically generated turbulence on temperature structure parameter (CT2)_{\rm T}^{2}) in the convective boundary layer. Increase in the CT2_{\rm T}^{2} is observed after the arrival of monsoon for both seasons. Contribution of vertical wind shear in horizontal wind component
to CT2_{\rm T}^{2} due to zonal winds is responsible for the increase observed in the temperature structure parameter which is inferred from
the results obtained. CT2_{\rm T}^{2} is found to be increased by an order of 2 in both the lower and upper altitudes, respectively. Magnitude of wind speed is
reported to be doubled with the arrival of monsoon. It is also observed that, southwest monsoon wind modulates the day-to-day
variations of wind pattern over this station during the onset phase of monsoon season. The lower variability observed at lower
height is attributed to the complex topography surrounding this region. 相似文献
102.
Impact of additional surface observation network on short range weather forecast during summer monsoon 2008 over Indian subcontinent 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The three dimensional variational data assimilation scheme (3D-Var) is employed in the recently developed Weather Research
and Forecasting (WRF) model. Assimilation experiments have been conducted to assess the impact of Indian Space Research Organisation’s
(ISRO) Automatic Weather Stations (AWS) surface observations (temperature and moisture) on the short range forecast over the
Indian region. In this study, two experiments, CNT (without AWS observations) and EXP (with AWS observations) were made for
24-h forecast starting daily at 0000 UTC during July 2008. The impact of assimilation of AWS surface observations were assessed
in comparison to the CNT experiment. The spatial distribution of the improvement parameter for temperature, relative humidity
and wind speed from one month assimilation experiments demonstrated that for 24-h forecast, AWS observations provide valuable
information. Assimilation of AWS observed temperature and relative humidity improved the analysis as well as 24-h forecast.
The rainfall prediction has been improved due to the assimilation of AWS data, with the largest improvement seen over the
Western Ghat and eastern India. 相似文献
103.
104.
J C JOSHI TANKESHWAR KUMAR SUNITA SRIVASTAVA DIVYA SACHDEVA 《Journal of Earth System Science》2017,126(1):3
Maximum and minimum temperatures are used in avalanche forecasting models for snow avalanche hazard mitigation over Himalaya. The present work is a part of development of Hidden Markov Model (HMM) based avalanche forecasting system for Pir-Panjal and Great Himalayan mountain ranges of the Himalaya. In this work, HMMs have been developed for forecasting of maximum and minimum temperatures for Kanzalwan in Pir-Panjal range and Drass in Great Himalayan range with a lead time of two days. The HMMs have been developed using meteorological variables collected from these stations during the past 20 winters from 1992 to 2012. The meteorological variables have been used to define observations and states of the models and to compute model parameters (initial state, state transition and observation probabilities). The model parameters have been used in the Forward and the Viterbi algorithms to generate temperature forecasts. To improve the model forecasts, the model parameters have been optimised using Baum–Welch algorithm. The models have been compared with persistence forecast by root mean square errors (RMSE) analysis using independent data of two winters (2012–13, 2013–14). The HMM for maximum temperature has shown a 4–12% and 17–19% improvement in the forecast over persistence forecast, for day-1 and day-2, respectively. For minimum temperature, it has shown 6–38% and 5–12% improvement for day-1 and day-2, respectively. 相似文献
105.
Spatio-temporal cross-shore profiles and textural characteristics are the key parameters for understanding dynamics of the inter-tidal sedimentary environment.This study describes short-term dynamics of the inter-tidal sedimentary environment at beaches along the micro-tidal coast.Further a correlation is estimated in cross-shore morphodynamics and textural characteristics of surface sediments.The sedimentary environment is examined for a complete annual cycle using monthly collected cross-shore profiles and sediment samples.The Devbag beach(northern side) and Ravindranath Tagore beach(southern side) at the Kali river mouth,Karwar,west coast of India are characterized from extremely gentle to average slope,and broadly composed of unimodal sands.The sedimentary environment is significantly composed of textures having fine to medium sand,well to moderately sorted,fine to coarse skewed,and platykurtic to leptokurtic in nature.During the annual cycle a reversal pattern is observed between the two adjacent beaches,where a slower rate of sediment accretion is observed at Devbag beach while Ravindranath Tagore beach exhibited erosion.The beach dynamics along with the propagation of south-west(SW) and south-west-west(SWW) waves towards the coast significantly exhibit a dominance of northward sediment transport with the existence of a northerly alongshore current.In addition,the study reveals that an eroded beach may not be significantly identified composed of coarse grains.The poor correlation in morpho-sedimentary characteristics reveals the prediction of grain characteristics based on beach profile and vice-versa is unrealistic. 相似文献